Uric acid is a waste product formed when the body breaks down purines, which are found in many foods and in your own cells. When levels build up, crystals can form in joints and cause gout.
What a high uric acid means
A raised level (hyperuricemia) increases the risk of gout — sudden, severe joint pain, classically in the big toe — and of kidney stones. Not everyone with a high level develops symptoms.
What raises it
- Red meat, shellfish and sugary or alcoholic drinks (especially beer)
- Dehydration and certain medications such as diuretics
- Kidney disease, which reduces uric acid clearance
What a low uric acid means
Low levels are usually harmless and occasionally relate to diet or certain medications.
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This article is for general education only and is not medical advice. Reference ranges vary between laboratories — always read your result against the range on your own report and discuss it with your doctor.